Film spectral sensitivity

Not every black-and-white film sees every colour. Choose a film type to see the range of wavelengths it records on the visible spectrum — which is why orthochromatic film renders red as black.

A schematic of the general sensitivity ranges by film type, not a measured emulsion curve — individual films vary. It explains the classic behaviour: ortho film is safe under a red safelight and turns red subjects dark; panchromatic sees the whole visible spectrum.

About this tool

Not every black-and-white film sees every colour. This chart shows the general range of wavelengths each film type records on the visible spectrum, from blue-sensitive and orthochromatic to panchromatic and infrared, so you understand why ortho film renders red as black.

How to use it

  1. Choose a film type such as orthochromatic or panchromatic.
  2. See its sensitivity range highlighted on the spectrum.
  3. Read the wavelength range and the behaviour note.
  4. Compare types to understand filters and safelights.

FAQ

Are these measured emulsion curves?

No. They are schematic sensitivity ranges by film type; individual films vary, but the ranges explain the classic behaviour correctly.

Why can I use a red safelight with some films?

Orthochromatic and blue-sensitive films are not sensitive to red light, so a red safelight will not fog them; panchromatic film must be handled in total darkness.